!! = Attention
# = Nombre ou
fracture
~ = Environ ou
un peu
≥ = Au moins
A __________________
ABG =
Antibiogramme
ABP =
Antibioprophylaxie
Abruptio Placentae ( placental abruption ) = hématome rétroplacentaire :
responsable d'une hémorragie parfois massive développée entre
le placenta et l'utérus
(https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/252810-overview#a3 ) .
ABT =
Antibiothérapie
AC/FA = Arythmie
complète par fibrillation auriculaire
ACE = Antigène
carcino-embryonnaire
ACF = Activité cardiaque fœtale
ACR = American
College of Rheumatology
AD = Autosomique
dominante ou antidépresseur
Adenomyosis = is a condition
in which the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) breaks through the
muscle wall of the uterus (the myometrium). Adenomyosis can cause
menstrual cramps, lower abdominal
pressure, and bloating before menstrual
periods and can result in heavy periods.
Admit = សំរាកពេទ្យ
ADO =
Anti-diabétiques oraux
ADP = Adénopathie
AEG = Altération
de l'état général
AG = Anesthésie
générale ou Acides gras
AHAI = Anémie
hémolytique auto-immune
AI = Auto-immune
AIT = Accident
ischémique transitoire
Alb = Albumine
ALD = A la demande
ou affection longue durée
ALR = Anesthésie
loco-régionale
AM = Acidose
métabolique ou Assurance maladie
Ambulatoire
= désigne un traitement qui nécessite une hospitalisation
de courte durée, de l'ordre d'une dizaine d'heures. [ = ] Outpatient =A patient who is admitted to a hospital or clinic for treatment that does not
require an overnight stay.
AMM = autorisation de
mise sur le marché
Amniocentesis ( amniotic fluid test or
AFT ) = is a medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal
abnormalities and
fetal infections, and also for sex determination, in which a small amount
of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal tissues, is sampled from the amniotic sac surrounding a developing fetus, and then the fetal DNA is examined for
genetic abnormalities. Amniocentesis is performed when a woman is between 14
and 16 weeks gestation.
Antiphospholipid
antibodies = are
antibodies directed against phosphorus-fat components of your cell membranes
called phospholipids, certain blood proteins that bind with phospholipids, and
the complexes formed when proteins and phospholipids bind. The most commonly
discussed antiphospholipid antibodies are the lupus anticoagulant (LA) and
anticardiolipin antibody (aCL). +++ Lupus anticoagulant (also known as lupus antibody, LA, LAC,
or lupus inhibitors) is an immunoglobulin that binds to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane and cause an increase
in inappropriate blood clotting.
AOMI =
Artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs
APA = Allocation
personnalisée pour l'autonomie
Apt test = is most commonly used in
cases of vaginal bleeding late during pregnancy (antepartum haemorrhage) to determine if the bleeding is from the mother or
the fetus. A positive test would indicate that
blood is of fetal origin, and could be due to vasa
previa. A negative test indicates that the
blood is of maternal origin.
AR = Autosomique
récessive
ARA2 = Antagoniste
du récepteur de l'angiotensine 2
AROM = Artificial rupture
of membranes
ARV =
Anti-rétroviral
ASP = Abdomen
sans préparation ou avortement spontané précoce
AT = Accident du
travail
AT III = Antithrombine III
Atcd = Antécédent
AthéroS =
Athérosclérose
ATS =
Anti-thyroïdiens de synthèse
AUB = abnormal uterine bleeding
AVC = Accident
vasculaire cérébral
B
__________________
BAC = Barrière
alvéolo-capillaire
Barrier
methods
= Condom for female
BAV = Baisse de
l'acuité visuelle ou Bloc auriculo-ventriculaire
BB =
Béta-bloquant
BDA = Bouffée
délirante aiguë
BdC = Bruits du
coeur
Béance cervico-isthmique ( ou de béance du col )
= lorsque l'orifice interne du col est relâché, qu'il présente une dilatation
marquée très tôt dans la grossesse.
BGN = Bacille
Gram négatif
BHC = Bilan
hépato-cellulaire
Biophysical profile ( BPP ) = determine fetal health
during the third trimester which combines
an ultrasound evaluation with
a non-stress test (NST) ( Fetal heart rate , Fetal breathing , Fetal
movement , Fetal tone , Amniotic fluid volume ). One another test is Modified Biophysical Profile ( modified
BPP ) consists of the nonstress test (NST) and an amniotic fluid volume
assessment. The modified BPP is considered normal if the NST is reactive and
the deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid is greater than 2
centimeters. The modified BPP is considered abnormal if either the NST is
nonreactive or the deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid is 2 cm or less .
Bishop score = score ដែលសិក្សាពី cervix អំឡុងពេលជិតសំរាល :
effacement, dilation, station, consistency, and position of the cervix.
Induction to active labor is usually successful with a Bishop score of 9 or
greater.
BiT = Bithérapie
BK = Tuberculose
(Bacille de Koch)
BMI = Body mass
index
BOM = Biopsie
ostéo-médullaire
Breakthrough bleeding = tends to be lighter
and can occur at any time, but typically resolves within the first three months
on the pill. The birth control pill contains active
hormone pills ( Breakthrough bleeding ) and inactive hormone pills ( Withdrawal
bleeding ) . Withdrawal bleeding and breakthrough bleeding is not the same
thing.
BronchoC =
bronchoconstriction
BronchoD =
bronchodilatation
BSA = Bloc
sino-auriculaire
BTA = Balancement
thoraco-abdominal
BU = Bandelette
urinaire
BUN = normal < 20
BZD =
Benzodiazépine
C
__________________
c. = Cellule
C° =
Complication
CA = Conduction
aérienne ou chambre antérieure
Ca2+ = 2,2 - 2,6 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
CAE = Conduit
auditif externe
CAF =
caisse d'allocations familiales
Carboplatin = is an anticancer drug
("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug.
Carboplatin is classified as an "alkylating agent." Used For: treat ovarian cancer and
also used for other types of cancer, including lung, head and neck,
endometrial, esophageal, bladder, breast, and cervical; central nervous system
or germ cell tumors; osteogenic sarcoma; and as preparation for a stem cell or
bone marrow transplant.
CAT = Conduite à
tenir
CBC = Carcinome
baso-cellulaire
CBC = complete blood count
CBH = Claude
Bernard-Horner (myosis / ptosis / énophtalmie)
CCR = Cancer
colo-rectal
CD = Cellule
dendritique
CDAPH = Commission
pour les droits et l'autonomie des personnes handicapées
CDHP = Commission
départementale des hospitalisations psychiatriques
CE = Corps
étranger
CEC = Circulation
extra-corporelle
Cervical eversion = cervical ectropion
CGR = Culot de
globules rouges
CHC = Carcinome
hépato-cellulaire
CHC = combined hormonal contraceptives
Childbearing = វ័យបន្តពូជ , of or relating to the
process of conceiving, being pregnant with, and giving birth to children.
ChimioT =
Chimiothérapie
Chorionic
villus sampling ( CVS ) = is one of methode for fetal
chromosome analysis and its work by procedure which involves removing some
chorionic villi cells from the placenta at the point where it attaches to
the uterine wall through either a transabdominal or transcervical
approach. It’s used for identifying chromosome abnormalities and other
inherited disorders.
CI =
Contre-indication
CJP = Critère de
jugement principal
CJS = Critère de
jugement secondaire
Cl- = 95
- 105 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
Cl° =
Classification
CMI = Certificat
médical initial
CO = Conduction
osseuse ou monoxyde de carbone
cOCP = combined oral contraceptive pill
Coitus interruptus = ចាក់ទឹកក្រៅពាង
Colposcopy = is a simple
procedure that lets your doctor get a good look at your cervix by
microscope .
Consistent = សមស្រប
Contraction stress test = involves provoking
uterine contractions
CorticoR =
Corticorésistance
CorticoT =
Corticothérapie
CPC = Cavités
pyélo-calicielles
CPIA =
Contre-pulsion intra-aortique
CPRE =
Cholangiopancréatographie rétrograde endoscopique
Creatinine = normal < 1
Cs =
Consultation
CSC = Carcinome
spino-cellulaire
Culdocentesis = is a medical procedure involving the
extraction of fluid from the pouch of Douglas (a rectouterine pouch posterior to the vagina)
through a needle. It can be one diagnostic technique used in identifying pelvic inflammatory
disease (in which
case purulent fluid will be extracted) and ruptured
ectopic pregnancies that cause hemoperitoneum.
CV =
Cardio-vasculaire
D
__________________
D&E = Dilation and evacuation
D1 = Diabète de
type 1
DAo = Dissection
aortique
DDB = Dilatation
des bronches
DDR = Date des
dernières règles
DEC =
Déshydratation extra-cellulaire
DEP = Débit
expiratoire de pointe
DES
=
Diethylstilbestrol
DFG = Débit de
filtration glomérulaire
DG = Diabète
gestationnel
Diaphoretic = បែកញើស
Diaphragm = Barrier : ស្រោមសំរាប់ស្ត្រី
DIC =
Déshydratation intra-cellulaire
Discharge = អនុញ្ញាតឲ្យចាកចេញពីពេទ្យ
DMLA =
Dégénération maculaire liée à l'âge
DMPA = depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
Doppler velocimetry = is a way to make
sure that your baby is getting a healthy supply of blood. You may need it if
earlier tests showed that your baby could be having problems. Maybe your baby
is growing slowly or has anemia. You may also need
the test if you have preeclampsia ( insuffisance
placenta ) or have a low level of amniotic fluid. Doppler velocimetry
is different from a standard Doppler that checks your baby's heartbeat.
Doppler velocimetry = is an ultrasound technique
used to examine blood flow through the umbilical artery. IUGR has been
associated with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry.
DPM =
Développement psycho-moteur
DR = Décollement
de rétine
DS = Déviation
standard
DSP =
Développement staturo-pondéral
DT = Douleur
thoracique ou Delirium tremens
Dull = ឈឺអួលៗ
Dysharmonieux = មិនសមស្រប , មិនសូវល្អ
Dyspareunia = abnormal pain during sexual intercourse
E
__________________
EAL = Exploration
d'une anomalie lipidique
EBO =
Endobrachyoesophage
EBV =
Epstein-Barr virus
ECBU = Examen
cytobactériologique des urines
ECG =
Electrocardiogramme
EchoD = Echographe
doppler
EchoD = TSA
Echo-doppler des troncs supra-aortiques
ECT =
Electroconvulsivothérapie ou Electrocardiotocographie
EDM = Episode
dépressif majeur
EduP = Education
du patient
EE = Epreuve
d'effort
EEG =
Electroencéphalogramme
EEV = Échographie
endovaginale.
EFR = Epreuves
fonctionnelles respiratoires
EH = Encéphalopathie hépatique
EM = Episode
maniaque
EMB = Ethambutol
EME = Etat de mal
épileptique
ENMG =
Electroneuromyogramme
EOGD = Endoscopie
oeso-gastro-duodénale
EP = Embolie
pulmonaire
EPHb =
Electrophorèse de l'hémoglobine
Episiotomy = ច្រឹបzone périnée ដើម្បីឲ្យកូនកើតស្រួល
EPP =
Electrophorèses des protéines plasmatiques
EPS = Examen
parasitologique des selles
Equivocal = ពិបាកពន្យល់
ES = Effets
secondaires
ESC = European
society of cardiology
ETO =
Echographie-doppler cardiaque trans-oesophagienne
ETT =
Echographie-doppler cardiaque transthoracique
Expectant management = Closely watching a
patient’s condition but not giving treatment unless symptoms appear or change,
or there are changes in test results.
Exsanguination = severe loss of blood
F
__________________
F = Facteur ou
Femme
False Négatif ( FN ) = លទ្ធផលអវិជ្ចមាន តែការពិតគាត់មាន
False Positif ( FP ) = is a result that
indicates a given condition exists, when it does not. លទ្ធផលវិជ្ចមាន តែការពិតគាត់គ្មានទេ
Fasting
glucose
= Glycémie à jeune
FCS = Fausse couche spontanée
, (appelée
également « Avortement
spontané » ;) : correspond à l’interruption naturelle d’une grossesse
(interruption involontaire, expulsion hors de la mère) avant le terme de 20
semaines de grossesse (ou de 22 semaines d’aménorrhée) ou d’un fœtus pesant
moins de 500 g (selon l’OMS). Au delà de ce terme on parle d’un accouchement
prématuré.
FCU = Frottis cervico uterin
FdR = Facteurs de
risque
FdR
CV
= Facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires
Fécondation in vitro (FIV) =
est une technique de procréation assistée qui permet de féconder un ovule avec
un spermatozoïde en laboratoire.
Fetal chromosome analysis = there are many methode
: Amniocentesis , Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), Percutaneous umbilical blood
sampling ( PUBS ), or direct biopsy of fetal muscle or skin. Amniocentesis = involves obtaining a
sample of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal fibroblasts. Chorionic villus sampling ( CVS ) = involves taking a biopsy of the
placenta. In the case of PUBS, the
umbilical vein is punctured under direct ultrasound guidance near the placental
origin and blood is obtained for genetic analysis.
Fetal growth restriction , Intrauterine
Growth Restriction ( IUGR ) = refers to a condition in which an unborn
baby is smaller than it should be because it is not growing at a normal rate
inside the womb. + IUGR
is diagnosed when a fetal weight that is below the 10th percentile for
gestational age as determined through an ultrasound.
IUGR can be classified as either symmetric( Symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction)
or asymmetric( Asymmetrical intrauterine
growth restriction ). In asymmetric IUGR, the
abdominal circumference is low, but the biparietal diameter may be at or near
normal. In cases of symmetric IUGR, all fetal structures (including both head
and body size) are propor- tionately diminished in size. Fetal infections,
chromosome abnormalities, and congenital anomalies usually result in symmetric
IUGR. Asymmetric IUGR is seen in cases where fetal access to nutrients is
compromised, such as with severe maternal nutritional deficiencies or
hypertension.
Fetal Heart Rate Monitor = Normal 120 to
160 beats per minute
Fetal
scalp sampling ( FSS ) = is a method of fetal assessment that is used during labor and
delivery to obtain fetal blood for pH assessment to determine if the baby is
getting enough oxygen. Normal > 7.25 .
FGE = Frottis
goutte épaisse
FID = Fosse
iliaque droite
FIG = Fosse
iliaque gauche
FIGO = International Federation of Gynecology
and Obstetrics
FIV ( Fécondation in vitro ) =
est une technique de procréation assistée qui permet de féconder un ovule avec
un spermatozoïde en laboratoire.
FL = Fosses
lombaires
Flat plate = a radiograph
especially of the abdomen taken with the subject( patient ) lying flat.
FMC = Fréquence
maximale théorique
FO = Fond d'oeil
FOGD = Fibroscopie
oeso-gastro-duodénale
FQ =
Fluoroquinolones
FV
=
Facteur V
G
__________________
GBS = Group B streptococcus
GCS = Glasgow
consciousness score
GDS = Gaz du sang
GEU = Grossesse
extra-utérine
GFA = Glaucome
aigu par fermeture de l'angle
Gg = Ganglion
GGT = Gamma GT
GINA = Global
initiative for asthma
GnRH = gonadotropin releasing hormone
GNRP =
Glomérulonéphrite rapidement progressive
GR = Globule
rouge
Grossesse extra-utérine ou grossesse
ectopique = est une grossesse se développant hors de l'utérus. La très grande majorité des grossesses
extra-utérines sont des grossesses dans la trompe de Fallope ou grossesses tubaires.
Grossesse
hétérotopique ou Grossesse ditopique = est l'association
d'une grossesse intrautérine et d'une grossesse extra-utérine. Exceptionnelle,
elle est devenue plus fréquente depuis l'essor de la procréation médicalement
assistée et notamment des inducteurs de l'ovulation.
Grossesse
jeune de localisation indéterminée ( GJLI ) = est un
terme descriptif qui désigne les patientes avec un test de grossesse positif
sans évidence d’image échographique en faveur d’une grossesse intra ou
extra-utérine. Ce terme ne peut être retenu qu’après réalisation de
l’échographie endovaginale (EEV).
Grossesse multiple , Multiple gestation :
c’est
le développement simultané de plusieurs foetus dans l'utérus. La
grossesse peut être gémellaire (2 foetus), triple, quadruple, etc... Il
existe deux sortes de grossesse multiple : monozygote (un
seul oeuf) ou dizygote (deux oeufs).
Grossesses ultérieures = ពពោះពេលក្រោយៗមកទៀត
Guarding = défense , est une sensation de résistance de la paroi abdominale qui peut être vaincue et n'existe qu'à
la palpation.
H
__________________
H = Homme
HAD =
Hospitalisation à domicile
HBP =
Hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate
HBPM = Héparine de
bas poids moléculaire
HCO3- = 22 - 28 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HD = Hémorragie
digestive ou hémorragie de la délivrance
HDT =
Hospitalisation à la demande d'un tiers
HELLP syndrome = + is a life-threatening pregnancy complication usually considered
to be a variant of preeclampsia. + Both conditions usually occur during the
later stages of pregnancy, or sometimes after childbirth.+ characteristics: H (hemolysis,
which is the breaking down of red blood cells),
EL (elevated liver
enzymes),
LP (low platelet count).
HemoCue = is a convenient method for
measuring whole blood hemoglobin and used as a diagnostic tool for anemia.
HGPO =
Hyperglycémie provoquée orale
HIA = Hémorragie
intra-alvéolaire
Hirsutism = ស្ត្រីដែលមានដុះរោមដូចបុរស , a is a condition
of unwanted, male-pattern hair growth in women. Hirsutism results in excessive
amounts of dark, course hair on body areas where men typically grow hair on face, chest and back. At puberty, a girl's
ovaries begin to produce a mix of female and male sex hormones, causing hair to
grow in the armpits and pubic area. Hirsutism can occur if the mix becomes
unbalanced with too high a proportion of male sex hormones (androgens). + Hirsutism can be caused by: Polycystic ovary syndrome , Cushing's syndrome..
HMG =
Hépatomégalie
HNF = Héparine
non fractionnée
HNPCC = Hereditary
non polyposis colorectal cancer
HO =
Hospitalisation d'office
Hormone replacement therapy ( HRT ) = Menopause is the
time in a woman's life when her period stops. It is a normal part of aging. In
the years before and during menopause, the levels of female hormones can go up
and down. This can cause symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness. Some
women take hormone replacement therapy (HRT), also called menopausal hormone
therapy, to relieve these symptoms. HRT may also protect against osteoporosis. ន័យសាមញ្ញគឺ ប្រើអរម៉ូនខាងក្រៅទៅជំនួសអរម៉ូនដែលផលិតនៅក្នុងខ្លួន ។
Hot flashes = ( hot flush ) ភាពមានអារម្មណ៏ថាក្តៅ ជាពិសេសនៅពេលស្ត្រីអស់រដូវ
HPN =
Hémoglobinurie paroxystique nocturne
HPNCC =
hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
HPT
I
= Hyperparathyroïdie primitive
HRB =
Hyper-réactivité bronchique
HRP = Hématome
rétro-placentaire
HSG = hysterosalpingogram
HSMG =
Hépatosplénomégalie
Ht = Hématocrite
HT_HP =
Hypothalamo-hypophysaire
HTA =
Hypertension artérielle
HTIC =
Hypertension intra-crânienne
HTO =
Hypertension oculaire
HTP =
Hypertension portale
HTS = Hormonothérapie substitutive
HU = Hauteur
utérine
HUAM , home
uterine activity monitoring = With this technique, women are monitored at
home with a tocodynamometer (a way to measure uterine contractions). The theory
is that this home monitoring will allow for preterm labor to be recognized and
treated in its earliest stages, which may help to prevent preterm births. In
practice, however, this has not been proven to be the case. Numerous studies have
been performed, and HUAM has not been proven to prevent preterm birth. A
possible benefit of HUAM may be the early recognition of preterm labor, which
would allow for the administration of corticosteroids to bring about fetal
pulmonary maturity, even if a preterm delivery could not be prevented. At
present, therefore, HUAM has not been proven to prevent preterm birth, and its
use is not recommended.
HVG =
Hypertrophie du ventricule gauche
Hydramnios ( polyhydramnios
) = is a condition that occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during
pregnancy. It is also called amniotic fluid disorder, or polyhydramnios. It is
the opposite of Oligohydramnios. Oligohydramnios is a
condition in pregnancy characterized by
a deficiency of amniotic fluid.
HyperCa =
Hypercalcémie , normal Ca = 2,2 - 2,6 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) = is
a pregnancy complication that is
characterized by severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and possibly dehydration.
HyperG =
Hyperglycémie
HyperK =
Hyperkaliémie , normal K = 3.5-5.0 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HyperNa =
Hypernatrémie , normal Na = 135 - 145 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HyperS = Hypersignal
(IRM)
HypoCa =
Hypocalcémie , normal Ca = 2,2 - 2,6 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HypoK =
Hypokaliémie , normal K = 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HypoNa =
Hyponatrémie , normal Na = 135 - 145 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
HypoS = Hyposignal
(IRM)
HypoT
orthoS
= Hypotension orthostatique
HypoTA = Hypotension
artérielle
I
__________________
I = Primaire ou
primitif
IAM = Ischémie
aiguë de membre
IAo =
Insuffisance aortique
IC(C) =
Insuffisance cardiaque( congestive)
ICoro =
Insuffisance coronarienne
ID = Immunodépression
IDM = Infarctus
du myocarde
IEC = Inhibiteur
de l'enzyme de conversion
IEPP =
Immuno-électrophorèse des protéines plasmatiques
IEPU =
Immuno-électrophorèse des protéines urinaires
IFD =
Immuno-fiuorescence directe
Ig =
Immunoglobuline
IHC =
Insuffisance hépato-cellulaire ou Immuno-histochimie
II = secondaire
ou secondairement
IIA =
Invagination intestinale aiguë
ILA = Infection
du liquide d'ascite ou index de liquide amniotique
IM =
Insuffisance mitrale
IMC = Indice de
masse corporelle
IMF = Infection
materno-fœtal
IMV =
Intoxication médicamenteuse volontaire
IN = Infection
noscomiale
Induced = ប្រើថ្នាំអោយឆាប់សំរាលកូន
Inj. = Injection
Insémination = ការធ្វើឲ្យមានកូនដោយមិនបាច់មានបារ
Insuff. =
Insuffisance
INZ = Isoniazide
IRA =
Insuffisance rénale aiguë
IRC =
Insuffisance rénale chronique
IRespA =
Insuffisance respiratoire aiguë
IRespC = Insuffisance
respiratoire chronique
IRM = Imagerie
par résonance magnétique
ISA =
Insuffisance surrénale aiguë
ISC
(L)
= Insuffisance surrénale chronique (lente)
IST = Infection
sexuellement transmissible
IU = Infection
urinaire ou incontinence urinaire
IUA = Infection
utéro-annexielle
IUD ( anglais: intrauterine device) , DIU ( français: dispositif intra-utérin
) = កងដាក់ក្នុងស្បួន , un des types
de contraceptive ,
il s'agit d'un petit objet en forme de Y, inséré dans l'utérus par
le vagin pour
prévenir la fécondation et secondairement la nidation.
IUS = intrauterine system
IV = intravenous
IVG =
Interruption volontaire de grossesse
IVSE =
Intra-veineuse à la seringue électrique
J
__________________
JPC = Jonction
pavimento-cylindrique
JPDC = jusqu'à
preuve du contraire
Jusqu’à
négativation = រហូតដល់វាត្រលប់ទៅជា négatif
K
__________________
K+ = 3,5 - 5,0 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
KT = Cathéter
L
__________________
LA = Leucémie
aiguë
LAF = Lampe à
fente
LAL = Leucémie
aiguë lymphoblastique
LAM = Leucémie
aiguë myéloblastique
Laxatives : anti-constipation
LCC = Longueur crânio-caudale
LED = Lupus érythémateux disséminé. Anglais : SLE = Systemic lupus erythematosus , LE(A)D = Lupus
érythémateux (aigu) disséminé
LEEP ( Loop electrosurgical excision
procedure ) : one way to remove abnormal cells from the cervix by using
a thin wire loop that acts like a scalpel (surgical knife). An electric current
is passed through the loop, which cuts away a thin layer of the cervix.
LLC = Leucémie
lymphoïde chronique
LMC = Leucémie
myéloïde chronique
LMP = Last menstrual period
LNG = levonorgestrel
LNG-IUS = levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine
system
LNH = Lymphome
non hodgkinien
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (
LEEP ) : one
way to remove abnormal cells from the cervix by using a thin wire
loop that acts like a scalpel (surgical knife). An electric current is passed
through the loop, which cuts away a thin layer of the cervix.
LSCS = Lower (uterine) segment Caesarean section
Lumbar strain = A stretching injury
to the ligaments, tendons, and/or muscles of the low back.
Lumpy = ដែលជាដុំ
LVAS = Libération
des voies aériennes supérieures
M
__________________
M = mois ou
maladie ou mortalité
MA = Mesures
associées
MAF = Mouvements
actifs foetaux
Magnesium
sulfate =
two principale role in obstetique: 1,Indicated
to prevent seizures associated with pre-eclampsia, and for control of seizures
with eclampsia. 2,it is also a tocolytic agent. Its antidose is Calcium
gluconate.
MAP = Menace d’accouchement
prématuré ( 24SA - 37SA )
MAT =
Microangiopathie thrombotique
MAV = Mesure de
l'acuité visuelle
MDO = Maladie à
déclaration obligatoire
MDPH = Maison
départementale des personnes handicapée
Menarche = is
the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding, in
female humans
MenC = Mise en
condition
Methylergonovine =
this medication is used after childbirth to help stop bleeding
from the uterus. These effects help to decrease bleeding post-partum.
MFIU = Mort fœtale in utero
MGC = Maladie des
griffes du chat
MHD = Mesures
hygiéno-diététiques
MI = Membre
inférieur
MICI = Maladie in ammatoire chronique de l'intestin
Micronized oral progesterone , Progesterone Micronized = Progesterone is a type of
female hormone (progestin). This medication is similar to the progesterone that your body
naturally makes and is given to replace the hormone when your body is not
making enough of it. In women who are not pregnant and not going through menopause, this medication is used to restore normal
menstrual periods that have stopped for several months (amenorrhea).
MMH = Maladie des
Membrane Hyalines
MO = Moelle
osseuse
Modified BPP , Modified Biophysical
Profile (MBPP) = ( different from BPP ) Some testing centers use a modified
biophysical profile . The modified BPP consists of the nonstress test (NST) and
an amniotic fluid volume assessment. The modified BPP is considered normal if
the NST is reactive and the deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid is
greater than 2 centimeters. The modified BPP is considered abnormal if either
the NST is nonreactive or the deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid is 2 cm
or less .
Monogamy = ដៃគូតែមួយ
, is a form of relationship in which an individual has only one
partner during their lifetime or at any one time.
MonoT =
Monothérapie
Morbidity = a diseased state or
symptom
MPA = medroxyprogesterone acetate
MPI = Maladie
professionnelle indemnisable
MS = Membre
supérieur ou Mort subite
MSN = Mort subite
du nourrisson
MT = Médecin
traitant
MTEV = Maladie
thrombo-embolique veineuse
MTX = Méthotrexate , Methotrexate = ( in pregnancy )
treatment of ectopic pregnancy but risk on an abortifacient and a teratogen for
normal pregnancy.
MV = Murmure
vésiculaire
N __________________
N = Normal ou
Nourrisson
Na+
=
135 - 145 mEq/L ( = mmol/L ).
Naegele rule = for determine a
date of delivery , to do this, count back 3 months and then add 7 days to the
date of the first day of the last normal menstrual period.
NAPD = Non
assistance à personne en danger
NAS =
Néphroangiosclérose
NAV = Noeud
auriculo-ventriculaire
NC = Nerfs
crâniens
ND =
Néphropathie diabétique
NEM = Néoplasie
endocrinienne multiple
NET = norethindrone (or norethisterone)
NFS = Numération
formule sanguine
NFS-P = Numération formule sanguine- Plaquettes
NG =
Néphropathie glomérulaire
NGC = Noyaux gris
centraux
NHA = Niveaux
hydro-aériques
NJO = Ne jamais
oublier
NN = Nouveau-né
NP = Neuropathie
périphérique
NPC = Ne pas
confondre
NPO = ( nil per os ) : Nothing by
mouth , មិនញ្ញាំអាហារ រឺ
មិនប្រើតាមម៉ាត់
NPO = Ne pas
oublier
NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSE = Niveau
socio-économique
NTA = Nécrose
tubulaire aiguë
NTI =
Néphropathie tubulo-interstitielle
Nuchal translucency = is a collection of
fluid under the skin at the back of your baby's neck. The amount of fluid is
measured during a nuchal translucency (NT) ultrasound scan. All developing
babies have some fluid at the back of their neck. But many babies with Down's
syndrome have an increased amount.
Nulligravid
=
គ្មានកូន
NVA =
Néphropathie vasculaire aiguë
O
__________________
OACR = Occlusion
de l'artère centrale de la rétine
OCP = oral contraceptive pill
OD = Oreillette
droite
OG = Oreillette
gauche
Oligohydramnios = is a condition
in pregnancy characterized by
a deficiency of amniotic fluid. It is the opposite of polyhydramnios. Hydramnios is a condition that occurs when
too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy. It is also called amniotic
fluid disorder, or polyhydramnios.
OMA = Otite
moyenne aiguë
OMC = Otite
moyenne chronique ou Oedème maculaire cystoïde
OMI = Oedème des
membres inférieurs
OSM = Otite
séro-muqueuse
OVCR = Occlusion
de la veine centrale de la rétine
P
__________________
P = Plaquettes
P° = Prévention
PA = Pancréatite
aiguë ou Péritonite aiguë ou Pression artérielle
PAC =
Pneumopathie aiguë communautaire
Paget disease of the breast = (also
known as Paget disease of the nipple and mammary Paget disease) is a rare type
of cancer involving the skin of the nipple and, usually, the darker circle of
skin around it, which is called the areola. Most people with Paget disease of
the breast also have one or more tumors inside the same breast. These breast
tumors are either ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer.
PAL =
Phosphatases alcalines
PAN =
Périartérite noueuse
Pass out = បាត់បង់ស្មារតី
Path = Pathologie
PBH = Ponction biopsie hépatique
PBR = Ponction
biopsie rénale
PC = Périmètre
crânien ou Perte de connaissance
PCOS = polycystic ovary syndrome : Malade may
have the history of irregular menses, acne, and excess weight, PCOS is the most
likely cause of the patient’s hirsutism. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are
the first-line therapy against hirsutism due to androgen excess, as seen
in PCOS, as well as for unknown causes. In patients with PCOS, OCPs are also
useful in establishing regular menstrual cycles.
PCR = Polymerase
chain reaction
PD = Pays
développés
PdC = Produit de
contraste
Pdt = pendant
PE =
Pré-éclampsie
PEAI =
Polyendocrinopathie auto-immune
Pelvic congestion syndrome = is
long-lasting (chronic) pain in the lowest part of the torso (pelvis) caused by
accumulation of blood in veins of the pelvis, which have widened (dilated) and
become convoluted ( រមួលជាច្រើនកន្លែង ).
Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID ) = is an infection of
the upper genital tract. It most often starts as a vaginal or cervical
infection that then extends along the endometrium and eventually involves the
fallopian tubes, adnexae, and parametrial tissues. In some cases it may involve
the liver and diaphragm by causing perihepatic inflammation and adhesions
(FitzHugh- Curtis syndrome). Patients often present with systemic illness,
complaining of fever, chills, and myalgias, as well as with lower abdominal
pain. To make the diagnosis, the patient should have the triad of abdominal
tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, and adnexal tenderness. Along with this
triad, the patient should also have a fever (>38 C), leukocytosis (>
11,OOO/mm3), or an adnexal mass. This patient clearly meets these diagnostic
criteria. Also, this patient had an IUD placed recently, which is a
well-established risk factor for PID.
PenC = Prise en
charge
Penicillin desensitization = β-lactam antibiotic
( en cas allergie avec Penicillin )
PF = Paralysie
faciale
PFC = plasma frais congelé
PFC = Plasma
frais congelé
PFP = Paralysie
faciale périphérique
PI =
Primo-infection
PID =
Pneumopathie interstitielle diffuse , anglais: Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pitocin = Ocytocin
PK =
Pseudo-kyste
PLA = Ponction du
liquide amniotique
Placenta abnormal deeply attaches = there are 3 types :
Placenta Accreta, the placenta invades the deficient decidual layer and
attaches to the wall of the uterus. About 75% of accretas are in this form. Placenta
Increta, the placenta actually grows deeply into the muscle of the
uterus (myometrium). In the most severe form, Placenta Percreta, the
placenta grows not only into the muscle of the uterus but through the
outer layer (serosa) and often into adjacent structures nearby,
usually the mother's bladder or bowels.
Plt = Prélèvement
PM = Pace-maker
PMA : Procréation
Médicalement Assisté = consiste en des techinques médicales de manipulation
de spermatozoïdes et d'ovules pour aboutir à une fécondation.
PMZ = Pas mis
zéro
PNA =
Pyélonéphrite aiguë
PNE =
Polynucléaires éosinophiles
PNN =
Polynucléaires neutrophiles
POD =
Postoperative day.
POP = Pillule
oestro-progestative
PP = Placenta
praevia
PP = Post-Partum
PPR = Pseudo-polyarthrite
rhizomélique
PPS = Programme
personnalisé de soin
PR =
Polyarthrite rhumatoïde ou Purpura rhumatoïde
Prématurité induite = Prématurité
provoquée
Prenatal = before birth.
Primary dysmenorrhea = is defined
as cramping pain in the lower abdomen occurring just before or during
menstruation, in the absence of other diseases such as endometriosis.
Primigravida = កូនដំបូង
Primiparité = ស្ត្រីកូនដំបូង
PRL = Prolactine
Procréation
, Procréer
= បង្កកំណើត
PROM = ( english ) Premature
rupture of membranes.
Protéines C et S : sont des
inhibiteurs de la coagulation
Prothrombin time = PT
PSDP = Pneumocoque
de sensibilité diminuée à la pénicilline
PT = Prothrombin time
PTAI = Purpura
thrombopénique auto-immun
PTI = Prothrombin time index
PTI = Purpura
thrombopénique idiopathique
PTx =
Pneumothorax
Puerperal = នៃស្ត្រីទើបសំរាលកូន
Puerperia = the
period between childbirth and the return of the uterus to its normal size.
PV = Prélèvement
vaginal
PVC = Ponction
des villosités choriales
PVD = Pays en
voie de développement
PZA =
Pyrazinamide
Q
__________________
R
__________________
RAA = Rhumatisme
articulaire aigu
RadioT = Radiothérapie
RAI , Recherche
d’agglutinines irrégulières = vise à mettre en évidence la présence d’anticorps dirigés
contre les globules rouges. Ex :
Anticorp anti-globule rouge fetal Rhésus(+) chez
Mère Rhésus(-).
RAo =
Rétrécissement aortique
RAU = Rétention
aiguë d'urine
RCF = Rythme
cardiaque foetal
RCIU = Retard de
croissance intra-utérin
RCP = Réunion de
concertation pluri-disciplinaire ou Réanimation cardio-pulmonaire
RCT =
Radiochimiothérapie
RD =
Rétinopathie diabétique
REA = Réanimation
Reassurance = the action of removing someone's doubts or
fears
Rebound = ខ្ទាតមកវិញ ( សង្កត់ )
Regarding = យោងទៅតាម
Relief = ធូរស្រាល
RGO = Reflux
gastro-oesophagien
RGTS = Régime
général des travailleurs salariés
RhoGAM = Indication to prevent
maternal Rh sensitization, pregnant women who are Rh-negative should receive
RhoGAM or Rh immune globulin (antibody to the D antigen) in the following
situations: after a spontaneous or induced abortion, after an ectopic
pregnancy, at the time of an amniocentesis/CVS/PUBS, at 28 weeks gestational
age, within 3 days of a delivery of an Rh-positive fetus, at the time of
external cephalic version, with second- or third-trimester antenatal bleeding,
and in the setting of abdominal trauma.
Risperidone = is used to treat
schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, and irritability with autism.
RM = Rétrécissement
mitrals
RMO = Référence
médicale opposable
RMP = Rifampicine
Round ligament of the
uterus =
originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. The round ligament exits the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue
of the mons pubis. The function of the
round ligament is maintenance of the anteversion of the uterus.
Round ligament pain = Round ligament is maintenance of the
anteversion of the uterus. When the uterus grows during pregnancy, the round ligaments can stretch causing pain.
Δg : groin pain because this ligament passes
through the inguinal canal.
RPA = Respiration
paradoxale abdominale
RPC =
Recommandations pour la pratique clinique
RPM = Réflexe
photomoteur ou Rupture prématurée des membranes
RTx
(F_P)
= Radiographie de thorax (face-profil)
RU = Révision
utérine
Rule out
= ទាត់ចោល
S
__________________
S. = Signe
SAOS = Syndrome
d'apnée obstructive du sommeil
SAPL = Syndrome des antiphospholipides
---> est une maladie auto-immune, caractérisée par la survenue de
manifestations thromboemboliques (formation de caillots de sang dans les
vaisseaux, veines ou artères) et/ou la survenue de complications de la grossesse
aussi appelées complications obstétricales (il s’agit de fausses couches
répétées et/ou de complications plus tardives de la grossesse), et la présence, au moins à deux
reprises, à trois mois d’intervalle, d'anticorps appelés anticorps
antiphospholipides.
SAT
/ VAT
= Statut anti-tétanique / Vaccination anti-tétanique
SB = Substance
blanche
Sd = Syndrome
SdG = Signe de
gravité
SDRA = Syndrome de
détresse respiratoire aiguë
Secondary to , Secondaire à = ដែលបណ្តាលមកពី
Seuil de viabilité = កំរិតនៃភាពខុសគ្នា ( ប្រែប្រួលតាម
reference នីមួយៗ )
SF = Signes
fonctionnels
SG = Substance
grise
SGA =
Streptocoque β-hémolytique du groupe A
SGB =
Streptocoque β-hémolytique du groupe B
SGS = Syndrome de
Goujerot-Sjögren
SHU = Syndrome
hémolytique et urémique
SIADH = Sécrétion
inappropriée d'ADH
Singleton pregnancy = ពោះកូនតែមួយ
SIS = saline infusion sonohysterography
SJSR = Syndrome
des jambes sans repos
Small for Gestational Age (SGA) = is a term used to describe a baby who is
smaller than the usual amount for the number of weeks of pregnancy. SGA babies
usually have birthweights below the 10th percentile for babies of the same
gestational age. This means that they are smaller than many other babies of the
same gestational age. There are many causes but the most connue is Maternal
factors ( High blood pressure ).
SMD = Syndrome
myélodysplasique
SMG =
Splénomégalie
SMP = Syndrome myéloprolifératif
SMR =
Surveillance médicale renforcée
SMUR (pour structure mobile
d'urgence et de réanimation), est un service hospitalier qui possède une ou plusieurs unités mobiles hospitalières (UMH) destinées
à délivrer des soins intensifs sur les lieux
d'un accident ou d'un malaise ou d'un
accouchement extra-hospitaliers, ou bien à effectuer des transports entre hôpitaux (transports
secondaires) lorsqu'un patient nécessite des soins ou une surveillance
médicale intensifs pendant son trajet. Le service SMUR n'est pas à confondre
avec le SAMU
SN = Syndrome
néphrotique
SNA = Système nerveux autonome ou Syndrome
néphritique aigu
SNC = Système
nerveux central
Soapsuds enema = uses a mixture of a
mild soap and warm water injected into the colon in order to stimulate a bowel
movement.
SRAA = Système
rénine angiotensine aldostérone
SRO = Solutés de
réhydratation orale
SS = Sécurité
sociale
ssi = si et
seulement si
STDs = sexually
transmitted diseases
Stripping Membranes = Membrane stripping,
or membrane sweeping, is a method used to promote earlier onset of labor and
reduce the risk of post-term pregnancy. + Procedure
: your doctor or midwife inserts a gloved finger through the mouth (os) of
the cervix during a pelvic exam. He sweeps it in a gentle motion between lower
part of the uterus and the bag of waters [ Pouche des eau ] . This easily
separates or strips the intact fetal membranes from the wall of the uterus. One
stripping procedure can induce labor, or your doctor might repeat it in a week
or less depending on your circumstances. យកម្រាមរុញស្រោមទឹកភ្លោះថ្នមៗ ក្នុងគោលបំនងឲ្យស្រោមទឹកភ្លោះដាច់ចេញពីសាច់ស្បួន ។
Subserous
pedunculated fibroid = is attached to the uterus by a stalk and grows outward into the
abdominal cavity and there is no vaginal bleeding.
Succenturiate ៖ Succenturiate
placenta គឺជា Placentaតូចមួយទៀត ដុះចេះplacenta
ធំ ,
Syphilis
Tests = + Nontreponemal antibody tests--these tests are called
"nontreponemal" because they detect antibodies that are not
specifically directed against the Treponema pallidum bacterium.
These antibodies are produced by the body when an individual has syphilis but
may also be produced in several other conditions and tests name : RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin), VDRL
(Venereal Disease Research Laboratory). + Treponemal
antibody tests--these blood tests detect antibodies that specifically
target T.
pallidum and tests name : FTA-ABS (Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption), TP-PA (T. pallidum particle
agglutination assay), MHA-TP
(Microhemagglutination assay) , Immunoassays
(IA).
T
__________________
T = Tumeur
T° =
Transmission
TA =
Transaminases ou Trou anionique
TachyC =
Tachcycardie
TAG_TAC = Traitement
anti-agrégant ou anti-coagulant
Tamoxifen =
+Anti-œstrogène —> sein —> prevention cancer du sein. +Stimulate
œstrogène —> bone —> prevention ostéoporose, +Stimulate œstrogène —>
endomètre —> cancer endometre.
TBP = Trouble
bipolaire
TCG = Traumatisé
crânien grave
TdC = Troubles de
conduction
TdF = Trait de
fracture
TDM =
Tomodensitométrie
TDM
TAP
= TDM thoraco-abdomino-pelvienne
TDP = Torsade de
pointe
TDR = Test de
diagnostic rapide (angine)
TdR = Troubles du
rythme
TEA = Toux
équivalent d'asthme
Terbutaline = is used in obstetrics as a tocolytic agent to treat preterm
labor.
THS = Traitement
hormonal subsitutif
TNCG = Traumatisé
crânien non grave
TNT = Trinitrine
TO = Tension
oculaire
Tocolyse , Tocolytic = also called anti-contraction
medications which these contractions can risk premature labor ( can use only avant 34SA et absence de
pathologie maternelle ou foetale) , we use it to buy time for apply corticothérapie. There are :
Indomethacin ( Indocin ) is a prostaglandin synthetase
inhibitor that can decrease fetal urine production and cause oligohydramnios. Nifedipine is used for tocolysis and is
thought to work by preventing entry of calcium into muscle cells. It can be
associated with hypotension, so blood pressure must be followed carefully. Ritodrine and Terbutaline are tocolytic agents that are β-adrenergic agents. They
work by increasing cAMP in cells, which decreases free calcium. These agents
can be associated with tachycardia, hypotension, and pulmonary edema. Magnesium sulfate is a tocolytic agent
that works by competing with calcium for entry into cells. At high levels, it
can cause respiratory and cardiac depression.
TOGD = Transit
oeso-gastro-duodénal
TR = Toucher
rectal
Trastuzumab = is a monoclonal
antibody used to treat metastatic (spread) breast cancer. It is effective
against tumors that overexpress the HER2/neu protein.
TRC = Temps de
recoloration cutanée
Trial of labor = [ How to call Vaginal
delivery for women who have antecedent cesarean delivery ].
TS = Tentative
de suicide ou temps de saignement
Tt = Traitement
Tubal abortion = is characterized by
the extrusion of an ectopic product of conception implanted in the fallopian
tube through the abdominal ostium into the peritoneal cavity. It can be either
complete or incomplete and may lead to severe bleeding.
TV = Toucher
vaginal
TVC = Thrombose
veineuse cérébrale
TVO = Trouble
ventilatoire obstructif
TVP = Thrombose
veineuse profonde
TVR = Trouble
ventilatoire restrictif
U
__________________
UGD = Ulcère
gastro-duodénal
Undergo = ទទួលយក
Urinary incontinence
= There are 5
different types of urinary incontinence: 1. Stress incontinence, which occurs
when urine leaks from the bladder when you cough, laugh, sneeze or do any other
activity that places stress on the abdomen. Cause due to increase abdominal
pressure under stress ( weak pelvic floor muscles ). 2. Urge incontinence – the leakage of
urine associated with a great urgency or desire to urinate, which cannot be
suppressed. For example, it kicks in when (even if you’ve been fine up until
that moment) you get close to a toilet and suddenly find you can’t make it all
the way. Cause due to involuntary contraction of the bladder muscles. 3.
Overflow incontinence happens when someone has difficulty passing
urine, which causes the bladder to be permanently full. As the kidneys continue
to produce urine, the excess spills out through the urethra – almost like a dam
that’s overflowing. Cause due to blockage of the urethra. 4. Neurogenic
incontinence is due to impaired functioning of the nervous system. 5.
Total incontinence is the continuous leakage of all the urine. It’s
most often caused by an abnormal communication between the bladder and the
vagina (called vesicovaginal fistula).
USIC = Unité de
soins intensifs cardiologiques
UTI = Urinary tract infection.
V
__________________
Vacuité utérine = Cavité utérine vide, sans rétention
placentaire.
VADS = Voies
aéro-digestives supérieures
Vaginal
discharge
= 1. Trichomonas vaginalis, The symptoms include a copious, malodorous
("fishy"), greenish-gray, "frothy" discharge. The vulvar
and vaginal epithelium may be erythematous and edematous. Colposcopy may reveal
petechial cervical lesions ("strawberry cervix"). A wet mount of the
discharge often reveals motile trichomonads and polymorphonuclear leukocytes
(PMNs). The treatment is metronidazole. Simultaneous treatment of the sexual
partner reduces the risk of reinfection. 2.
Bacterial vaginosis, The symptoms include a moderate amount of malodorous
("fishy"), white to gray, homogeneous vaginal discharge. An amine
("fishy") odor is present after mixing vaginal secretions with KOH.
This is often called a positive whiff test. Saline preparations of the discharge
reveal the "clue cells". The treatment is metronidazole.Simultaneous
treatment of the sexual partner has not been shown to reduce recurrence. 3 . Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N.
gonorrhoeae causes a mucopurulent cervical discharge in acute cervicitis and
can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID is characterized by lower
abdominal pain, fever, and cervical motion tenderness. Diagnosis is often made
by Gram's stain of cervical secretions revealing gram-negative diplococci and
polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Treatment is ceftriaxone IM once and doxycycline
or azithromycin. The 2 latter drugs are given since concomitant chlamydial
infection is common. Sexual partners must be treated. 4 . Candidiasis, Vulvar pruritus, irritation, and a thick, white,
cottage cheese-like discharge are the predominant symptoms. Diagnosis is made
by KOH, saline, or Gram's stain evaluation of the vaginal fluid revealing fungi
, pseudohyphae or hyphae. Treatment is fluconazole PO or imidazole cream.
Routine treatment of sexual partners is usually not indicated.
VAS = Voies
aériennes supérieures
Vasa praevia = ( also
spelled vasa previa ) is a condition in which babies' blood vessels cross
or run near the internal opening of the uterus. These vessels are at risk
of rupture when the supporting membranes rupture, as they are unsupported by
the umbilical cord or placental tissue.
VBA = Voies
biliaires accessoires
VBAC = Vaginal birth after cesarean : If you have had a
cesarean delivery (also called a C-section) before, you may be able to deliver
your next baby vaginally. This is called vaginal birth after cesarean, or VBAC.
If you and your doctor agree to try a VBAC, you will have what is called a
"trial of labor after
cesarean," or TOLAC. This means that you plan to go into labor with the
goal to deliver vaginally.
VBAC = Vaginal birth after cesarean section
VBP = Voies
biliaires principales
VCI = Veine cave
inférieure
VCS = Veine cave
supérieure
VD = Ventricule
droit
VG = Ventricule
gauche
VHL = Von
Hippel-Lindau
VO = Varices
oesophagiennes
VS = Vitesse de
sédimentation
VTE = venous thromboembolism
VV = Vibrations
vocales
VVC = Voie
veineuse centrale
VVP = Voie
veineuse périphérique
vWF = von Willbrand’s factor
VZV = Varicelle
zona virus
W
__________________
Withdrawal bleeding = also called a “fake
period” which mimics a normal menstrual period , is the bleeding you experience
in the placebo pill week of a conventional course of birth control pills. It
also occurs with other forms of hormonal birth control that affect a menstrual
cycle, like contraceptive patches or vaginal rings. សរុបមក វាជារដូវដែលកើតឡើងដោយសារតែថ្នាំពន្យាកំណើត ។ The birth control pill contains active
hormone pills ( Breakthrough bleeding ) and inactive hormone pills ( Withdrawal
bleeding ) . Withdrawal bleeding and breakthrough bleeding is not the same
thing.
X
__________________
Y
__________________
Z
__________________
β- hCG = beta-human chorionic gonadotropin
ε = Enzyme
Σ = Synthèse
χ = Chromosome
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